Ecological culture and environmental conservation practices in coastal communities: The case of Ballenita, Ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: Environmental degradation in coastal areas represents a critical challenge for sustainable development, closely linked to the behavioral patterns of local communities. Methodology: This research adopted a quantitative approach, with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. A census was applied to 50 heads of household in the Barrio Ballenita Bahía del Mar using a structured 18-item questionnaire under a five-point Likert scale, which achieved high psychometric reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.953). Results: Statistical analyses showed a marked weakness in the local ecological culture: 60% of respondents stated there is a total absence of community environmental awareness, while 64% reported an absolute lack of informative and educational campaigns by competent agencies. Likewise, 60% of the population acknowledged not sorting their solid waste at the domestic source. Conclusion: The operational deficiencies detected in municipal management are unfavorably complemented by low citizen participation. There is a critical disconnect between theoretical knowledge and daily sustainable practices, which demands the urgent design of an environmental education and community intervention program focused on mitigating the anthropogenic impact in the coastal zone.